According
to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals,
a Hospital is a health service institution that
organizes full individual health services that provide inpatient, outpatient
and emergency services. In Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 4 of
2018 concerning Hospital Obligations and Patient Obligations, in article 2
paragraph 1 one of the obligations of every Hospital is to make, implement and
maintain quality standards of health services in Hospitals as a reference in
serving patients.
The need
for quality hospital services is increasing along with the improvement of the economy and the degree of public health. In
recent years, the growth of hospitals in Indonesia has experienced significant
developments with the issuance of various laws and regulations aimed at
encouraging investment and creating better conditions for providing hospital
services. Evidently, not only is the government providing health services to
the public, the private sector is also now increasingly active in developing
hospitals in Indonesia.
Medical
services at hospitals cannot run well if they are not supported by other
supporting services available at each hospital. The laundry installation is a
medical support unit that has an important role, namely as the person in charge
of providing linen services to hospital patients, especially inpatients.
Laundry unit which is a non-medical support unit and one of the services to
advance the quality of hospital services that provide linen services, especially
to patients undergoing inpatient care. The laundry unit processes hospital
linen, especially linen which is a complement to the patient's resting place,
namely the bed of an inpatient. Of course, indirectly, the laundry installation
is an effort to break contact with the transmission of diseases caused by linen
users. Therefore, it requires special attention to hospital linen services in
order to create linens that are ready to use, clean and provide comfort to
patients (Asanti, Cahyono, & iw,
2020).
Linen is a
material or cloth used in hospitals for the needs of wrapping mattresses,
pillows, bolsters, blankets, staff clothing, patient clothing and other sterile
instruments. Linen is a term to refer to all textile products in hospitals
which include linen in the treatment room and surgical gowns in the operating
room, while nurse uniforms, doctor coats and work clothes are usually not
grouped into the linen category, but are categorized as uniforms. According to
the laundry sector, there are soiled linen and fouled and infected linen. The
space that needs to be provided is a dirty linen room, a clean linen room, a
linen carriage warehouse, a warehouse for storing clean equipment and washing
equipment (Djojodibtoro, 1997).
������������� Linen monitoring is an effort to
supervise the stages of cleaning linen in hospitals to reduce the risk of
health and environmental problems caused. Poor linen processing will lead to
potential disease transmission for patients, staff and other linen users.
������������� The need for linen in each
hospital room varies in terms of type, amount, and condition. The flow of linen
processing is quite long, requires special processing and involves many health
workers. Good linen quality is important to note to avoid infectious diseases
and the effects of using materials, linen processing must be done carefully, to
prevent nosocomial infections. The role of linen management in hospitals is
quite important, starting from planning, one of the linen processing subsystems
is the washing process. The flow of functional activities starts from receiving
dirty linen, weighing, selecting, washing, squeezing, drying, sorting stains,
ironing, sorting damaged linen, folding, tidying, packing or packaging, storing
and distributing to units that need it, while damaged linen is sent to the
sewing room. To carry out these activities smoothly and properly, a
well-planned flow is needed.
In
receiving and serving patients, it is fitting that hospitals must provide good
service to deal with consumers with various characteristics, hospitals must
equip themselves so that they always listen to consumers' voices, and have the
ability to respond to every need, consumer expectations and demands of service
users of health care facilities . This is closely
related to health workers, medical services and other supporting non-medical
services which must complement each other to always accompany and serve
patients as consumers.
The PNS/ASN
and Honorary staff who served at the Undata Hospital
in Palu were 1,266 people. In relation to the laundry
unit and the quality of linen management at Undata Palu Regional General Hospital, the number of employees
attached to the linen section is a total of 17 people, 5 medical staff and 12
non-medical staff. Supporting equipment available is 2 washing machines, 1
drying machine unit, and ironing board 1 unit. Regarding human resources in the
linen section of Undata Hospital Palu,
they have not received special attention, because the officers in the linen
section have not received vaccines which should be routine every 6 months,
there is still a lack of training in carrying out the duties and functions of
linen management, as well as clothing for officers in the the
linen did not meet the standards because only gloves were facilitated by the
hospital, and from the data we found that the availability of Linen in the
Laundry Installation at the Undata Palu general hospital did not meet the requirements, namely
the number of linens available did not match the amount that should have been
available, so they do it diligently, namely washing clothes to meet the needs
for linen needed in hospital services.
In terms of
the provision of linen to support the services provided to patients, especially
patients undergoing hospitalization, it will be able to run well if the
availability of linen needed by the room can be fulfilled, both in terms of
quantity and readiness when it will be used. While the current conditions
illustrate the availability of linen which is still lacking and has not met the
needs.
From the
description above, it is very necessary to conduct research on Linen Management
in the Laundry Installation at the Undata General
Hospital, Palu, which is expected to help improve
linen management in good and appropriate laundry installations to support
excellent health services.
The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research to find out linen
management by taking informants who are chosen deliberately and
are people who know the problems and are trusted at the Laundry Installation at
Undata Palu Hospital. The
informants in this study are as follows:
1.
Head of Medical Support Section
2.
Head of Laundry Installation
3.
Staff Laundry
Installation
Determination of data sources in this study was carried out purposively . According to Sugiono (2008: 216),
"Determination of data sources on the people interviewed was carried out
purposively, namely selected with certain considerations and
objectives". Then several employees and staff were selected who were
experts or directly involved in linen management at the laundry
installation at the Undata General Hospital in Palu.
This study refers to Terry's theory (2010:67), which explains that the
function of linen management can be seen from 4 aspects . ie . planning, organizing, actuating and supervising, the conceptual
definition of linen management research for installing laundry at Undata Palu Regional General
Hospital is the implementation of linen management which includes planning,
organizing, activating and supervising.
In the
context of implementing Regional Autonomy as mandated in the Law - Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional
Government, the Government in carrying out government, development and social
affairs must be in accordance with the aspirations of the local community
concerned. In this regard, it is undeniable that Regional Government policies
must focus on improving the quality of service to the community.
Therefore, the Hospital is expected to carry out management functions as
stated by Terry (2010: 67), which explains that the management function of
linen management is seen from 4 aspects, namely planning, organizing, actuating and
supervising, so the conceptual definition of linen management function research
in The Laundry Installation at the Undata Palu Regional General Hospital is the implementation of linen management which includes the
implementation of planning, organizing, actuating and supervising.
, it can be concluded that linen management in laundry installations is an activity - organizational activities related to linen management to obtain good
linen management efficiently and effectively, as well as manage the assets
owned to achieve the goals of the organization. The link with this research is
limited to linen management at the Laundry Installation of the Undata Regional General Hospital Palu
as one of the functions of the Undata Regional
General Hospital, so the researcher adopts the opinion of a management expert
namely Terry who sees management functions from 4 aspects, namely starting from
planning, organizing , actuation and supervision by Terry (2012:17).
Planning ( Planning )
Planning is
a process involving efforts made to anticipate future trends and determine
appropriate strategies and tactics to realize the targets and goals of an
organization. The planning function in the health sector is
the process of formulating health problems in the community, determining the
needs and available resources, setting the most basic program goals, and
developing steps to achieve the goals that have been set. Planning is an
important function because it will determine other management functions and is
the basic foundation of the overall management function.
Undata Palu General Hospital has carried out good
planning regarding the development of the Hospital, in accordance with the
statement from the Head of the Medical Support Section as follows :
From the planning aspect, the Undata
Hospital carried out the planning by taking into account the needs of both
sources of funds originating from the APBN and APBD funds. Likewise human
resources, carefully taking into account what are the obstacles, formulating
forms of implementing activities that aim to achieve goals (Interview with Head of Medical Support Section , November 21 , 2022 , Murniati,
S.Kep., MAP )
The results
of these interviews prove that the management function seen from the planning
aspect is very important, because it can be known about how many human
resources are needed and what infrastructure is needed and how to overcome if
there are obstacles - obstacles hindering
the implementation of the planned program. Such as the obstacle to providing
maximum service to the community due to inadequate facilities and
infrastructure.
The
following is the statement from the Head of Laundry Installation :
In formulating the plan for the hospital in the
medical support section it involves the leadership and staff, with the
intention that the leadership and staff are subordinated medical support field, to propose what needs are
urgent to be carried out whether it is related to human resources or facilities
and infrastructure (Interview with the Head of the Laundry Installation, Date , 2 5 November 2022, Nurseha, SKM)
these interviews prove that formulating a plan involving all related
elements is very useful. The benefits can be information about deficiencies - deficiencies and obstacles related to the
development of service quality in Laundry Installations at Hospitals, as the
person in charge of this laundry installation, the person concerned always
enters and submits proposals for needs to the supervisor who is directly
responsible.
services at
Undata Hospital have not given maximum satisfaction
to the community, because there are still inadequate facilities and
infrastructure for linen management at the Undata
General Hospital Laundry Installation. However, the management function
continues to run well, it's just that the situation and conditions are very
decisive. So planning on the use of the budget can be
spent according to its designation.
Organizing _ _
To carry out activities as part of medical support, namely especially in the linen section of the Laundry Installation at the Undata
Palu Regional General Hospital, maximum organization is needed because
organizing is the process of setting organizational standards according to
organizational goals, the resources they have, and the environment that
surrounds them.
( 2012:17), organizing ( organizing ) namely as a
way to gather people - people and placing them
according to their abilities and expertise in the work that has been planned.
This means organizing human resources in the aspects of (1) placement and (2)
recruitment.
In the following, the Head of the Medical Support Section said that from an
organizational aspect that is related to linen management in the laundry
installation, the Undata Hospital carried out the organization by paying
attention to:
Recruitment and
placement of employees always pay attention to the level of education and
skills and how many employees are recruited and place employees according to
their expertise. It's just that the number of employees at the Laundry
Installation at the Undata Regional General Hospital
is still insufficient, so it is necessary to add employees who have scientific
disciplines that match the needs of the Laundry Installation. (Interview with Head of
Medical Support Section, December 5, 2022, Murniati, S.Kep., MAP ).
Based on the results of interviews with informants, it is proven that the
management function in the organizational aspect related to linen management in
the laundry installation has been carried out
properly. It can be seen that the hospital has made plans regarding the number
of employees to be recruited and the placement of employees is appropriate.
with their expertise, but the need for additional employees in the Laundry
Installation section is expected to be able to help improve performance in the
Hospital Laundry Installation.
The
following information from Head of Laundry Installation :
The number of
employees at the Laundry Installation currently recruited is 17 people, 9 are
PNS and 8 are Non PNS. It consists of 5 health workers and 12 non-health
workers as many as 17 people. This means that the number of employees who
provide services in the linen section at the Hospital Laundry Installation is
sufficient, but there is still a need for additional health workers who have
special expertise in this linen laundry. (Interview with the Head of Laundry
Installation , Date, 8 December
2022, Nursesha, SKM ).
Based on the results of interviews with informants, it proved that the organization at
the Undata Regional General Hospital was already in
the good management category. Because human and non-human resources have been
well organized where employees or health workers have been recruited, but it's
good that additional employees are still needed to meet the needs of the
Laundry Installation at the Undata Palu Regional General Hospital.
The
following information from Laundry Installation Staff :
Recruitment and placement of employees has been
organized in accordance with the plans made by the Planning Department, taking
into account the level of expertise and skills for employees, but has not paid
maximum attention to the level of education to be placed in the Laundry
Installation. What should be recruited more are Associate Experts in
Environmental Health and Bachelors in Environmental Health (AMKL). (Interview with Laundry Installation Staff , Dated, 10 December 2022, Diar Latifah, AMKL).
The results of the interviews prove that it is indeed very beneficial
if the organization is carried out well, because all activities can be carried
out in a systematic and structured manner. The function of the Laundry Installation linen
management seen from the organizational aspect at the Undata
Palu General Hospital has been carried out quite
well.
It has been proven that the hospital can
recruit employees, both medical and non-medical personnel according to needs
and place employees according to their abilities and expertise. However, for
health workers, namely in the Laundry Installation, they have not paid
attention to the level of education to support performance in the Laundry
Installation, namely Environmental Health Associate Experts and Environmental
Health Scholars who still need additional employees with this expertise in the
Laundry Installation.
Actuating _ _
Actuating , namely to move the organization so that it runs
according to the division of labor for each and mobilizes all existing
resources within the organization so that the work or activities carried out
can go according to plan and can achieve goals . This means that the
researcher is limited to aspects of (1) cooperation between leaders and
subordinates, (2) subordinates and subordinates in managing linen at the
Laundry Installation at the Undata Palu Regional General Hospital .
In the following, the Head of the Medical Support Section said that from the aspect of mobilization that has to do with linen management at the Laundry Installation , the Undata Hospital carried out the mobilization by paying attention to:
The aspect of
mobilizing the Undata Hospital Laundry Installation
carries out the mobilization function in managing linen effectively by taking
into account the abilities of each employee. Employees who are assigned as
executors and linen management officers can be well mobilized because they
generally understand their respective duties and functions. For example, the dirty
linen reception department has the skills and understanding related to dirty
linen management so moving them is easy and we always urge them to be careful
in managing linen at the Laundry Installation at the Undata
Regional General Hospital. (Interview with Head of Medical Support Section, Date, 15 December 2022, Murniati, S.Kep., MAP ).
Based on
the results of interviews with informants, it was proved that the Hospital
Laundry Installation in managing linen can carry out its functions
properly, because it is able to mobilize the executors and linen management
officers, especially at the reception of dirty linen. This is because the
hospital has organized well, namely placing professional employees in the field
of linen. Leaders find it easy to mobilize each employee so that employees can
work according to applicable regulations, namely good and correct linen
management.
The
following information from Head of Laundry Installation :
Indeed, in carrying
out duties as a linen manager, good cooperation must be created so as not to
cause unwanted mistakes, therefore leaders and subordinates coordinate with
each other regarding good and correct linen management. (Interview with the Head of Laundry Installation , Date, 17 December 2022, Nursesha, SKM ).
Based on
the results of interviews with informants, it is proved that the Undata Hospital Laundry Installation performs a good
management function, is proven to be able to mobilize subordinates to manage
linen properly, so that the expected targets can be achieved according to what
is expected, both for the executors and dirty linen management officers so that
they can redistributed to places of service in the Undata
Regional General Hospital.
The following is
information from the Laundry Installation Staff:
The Mobilization function is going well, because the Hospital has
properly organized employee resources who do have expertise in linen
management, the hospital even motivates employees to further improve quality by
participating in training related to Hospital Laundry Installation management.
The goal is that employees have the knowledge and skills in carrying out the
tasks and functions that have been determined. Hope to In the future, the hospital still needs to increase the number of
training related to good and correct linen management skills to increase and
increase the knowledge of employees at the Hospital Laundry Installation
. (Interview with
Laundry Installation Staff, Date, 2 December 1 2022, Nuraeni, AMKL).
The results of the
interviews prove that the mobilizing function is going well, because the
leadership continues to motivate employees to further improve quality by
attending higher education levels.
It is proven that
leaders and subordinates understand their duties and functions well, so that
what is expected in linen management can be achieved as expected, namely good
and proper linen management at the Hospital Laundry Installation. An officer
and implementer at the Laundry Installation in carrying out their duties and
responsibilities cannot be separated from the possibility of arising risks in
the process of managing linen, namely that it can be contaminated with disease
if it is not carried out with the right procedures. Therefore, the leadership
should provide direction as much as possible so that employees can carry out
their duties according to the correct rules and procedures, so that employees
avoid errors or mistakes in linen management. To avoid the risk of errors, an
executor and linen clerk must be careful (thorough, patient, and skilled),
one's ability to differentiate understanding (interpretation) of a problem at
hand. Thorough regarding the ability to examine various issues, patient
regarding self-control and skilled in solving problems.
the management
function in mobilization can create cooperation and mutual coordination between
leaders and subordinates as well as from subordinates and subordinates in
managing linen at the Hospital Laundry Installation. The link with this research is that good linen management at the Laundry
Installation greatly influences employees, both leaders and subordinates,
because managing dirty linen so that it can be used again requires the right
expertise. Accuracy of planning, the need for the importance of expertise in
linen management determines the effectiveness of a goal in the Hospital Laundry
Installation.
Supervision ( Controlling )
Supervision ( controlling ) is to oversee whether the movement of
this organization is in accordance with the plan or not. As well as overseeing
the use of resources within the organization so that they can be used
effectively and efficiently without anything deviating from the plan.
The following is the Head of the Medical Support Section conveying aspects of supervision that are related to linen
management at the Laundry Installation at Undata Palu Hospital :
The Head of the
Medical Support Section carries out direct supervision of the tasks assigned to
his subordinates, to find out whether the work mechanism he is carrying out, as
well as whether the results of his work are in accordance with the plans and
procedures that have been set, because supervision is closely related to planning. (Interview with Head of
Medical Support Section, Date, 28 December
2022, Murniati, S.Kep., MAP ).
Based on
the results of interviews with informants, it was proved that in the Undata Hospital Laundry Installation, supervision was
carried out both directly and indirectly. The target of supervision carried out
by the Head of the Medical Support Section is direct supervision and indirect
supervision. As for direct supervision carried out such as the level of
employee discipline in managing linen, official responsibilities and good
cooperation, this is of course related to employee performance which is based
on procedures and instructions in management linen.
The
following is an explanation from The Head of the Laundry Installation regarding supervision of the scope
of the Laundry Installation :
Indeed, the
elements of leadership related to linen management at the Laundry Installation
always supervise both directly and indirectly. This supervision is carried out
so that corrective action can be taken immediately if there is an error and it
is not in accordance with the work program as a guide made previously, so that
improvements can be made immediately in the implementation of work. (Interview with the Head of Laundry Installation , Date, January 4, 2023, Nursesha, SKM ).
Based on
the results of interviews with informants, it is proven that in the Laundry
Installation of Undata General Hospital, the
management function in the supervision process continues because the work in
linen management is quite heavy, because it must be consistent and cannot go
out of procedures in carrying out tasks in managing the linen.
The following is
information from the Laundry Installation Staff:
Direct supervision that is often carried out is non-level supervision
which is generally carried out in the form of observation and assessment but
does not rule out the possibility for supervisors (leaders) to be able to take
corrective actions that are guidance in nature . (Interview with
Laundry Installation Staff, Date, 6 January 202 3 , Diar Latifah, AMKL).
The results of the
interviews prove that in the Laundry Installation of the Undata
Hospital, Palu, supervision is always carried out, both tiered and inherent. The
reason is that if direct supervision is carried out, the leader directly
communicates with subordinates.
The following is
information from the Laundry Installation Staff:
In addition to direct supervision, the leadership also supervises
indirectly, namely through reports submitted by ordinary subordinates in
written or oral form. Indirect supervision, every leader of the organization
supervises in the form of checking the implementation of work based on reports
that come to him. These reports can be in the form of descriptions of words,
series of numbers on the results of programs and activities that have been
achieved in accordance with what has been determined/planned . (Interview with
Laundry Installation Staff, Date, 9 January 202 3 , Nuraeni, AMKL).
The results of the
interviews prove that in the Undata Hospital Laundry
Installation the supervisory function runs smoothly. It is proven that
supervision of linen management can be carried out directly and indirectly.
Direct supervision is directly related to employees while indirect, namely
through written reports.
Observing
the results of research originating from informants that in the Laundry
Installation of Undata Hospital, linen management has
been carried out well, namely the leadership supervises both directly and
indirectly. Implementation of Indirect Supervision carried
out by the Head of Medical Support Section such as the implementation of a work
program where each employee is obliged to help develop plans and work programs
for their respective sub-sections, as a guide in carrying out tasks, in the
work program each has determined the target to be achieved and work procedures
that will be guided by each employee in completing his work, because the work
program functions as a means or means of supervision in assessing the
activities of subordinates whether they work according to the program or not.
Supervision of the implementation of the work program at the Laundry
Installation is aimed at, among other things, the period for completing the
work program, determined work procedures, use of funds, policies that have been
issued and preparation of semi-annual reports and annual reports from
sub-sections. If it turns out that there are activities that are not in
accordance with the work program that has been made, this indicates that there
has been a violation of work discipline by employees who handle certain jobs.
Based on the results of research on linen management at the Laundry
Installation at Undata General Hospital, it is in the
category that it can be carried out according to the management process, namely
starting from planning, organizing, actuating and supervising.
Planning for a work program related to linen
management at the Laundry Installation at the Undata Palu Regional General Hospital has been carried out
according to the available budget, both from direct and indirect APBD funds.
Organizing has not been carried out effectively by organizing human resources
starting from recruitment to placement, related to supporting facilities and
infrastructure at the Hospital Laundry Installation are still very much needed.
Mobilization can be carried out by the leadership, namely directing or fostering
employees to work properly and well, while supervision is carried out either
directly or indirectly.
Herfania. 20 21 . MSME Management during the Covid-19
Pandemic at the City Forest Tourism Object in Palu,
Central Sulawesi .
Tadulako University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Sari. 20 12 . Apparatus Performance Management
Function in the West Palu District Office
. Tadulako
University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Laws 32 and 33 of
2004 concerning Regional Authority .
Republic of
Indonesia Law. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals .
Terry George R,
2010. Principles of Management. 18th printing. Jakarta PT. Bumi
Aksara
Herfania. 20 21 . MSME Management during the Covid-19
Pandemic at the City Forest Tourism Object in Palu,
Central Sulawesi .
Tadulako University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Sari. 20 12 . Apparatus Performance Management
Function in the West Palu District Office
. Tadulako
University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Laws 32 and 33 of
2004 concerning Regional Authority .
Republic of
Indonesia Law. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals .
Terry George R,
2010. Principles of Management. 18th printing. Jakarta PT. Bumi
Aksara
Herfania. 20 21 . MSME Management during the Covid-19
Pandemic at the City Forest Tourism Object in Palu,
Central Sulawesi .
Tadulako University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Sari. 20 12 . Apparatus Performance Management
Function in the West Palu District Office
. Tadulako
University Postgraduate Program, Palu.
Laws 32 and 33 of
2004 concerning Regional Authority .
Republic of
Indonesia Law. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals .
Terry George R,
2010. Principles of Management. 18th printing. Jakarta PT. Bumi
Aksara
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Copyright holders:
Norma , Daswati , Nuraisyah , Dandan Haryono, Nasir Mangngasing, Abdul Rivai (2023)
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First publication right:
Journal of Syntax Admiration
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This article is licensed under:
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